Burner



Jan. 16, 1940. s. WHITE BURNER Filed Feb. 9, 1938 wt. ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 16, 19 40,

. BURNER I Stamford White, Greenwich, Conn; Applicaticn February 9, 1938, ee] No. 189,548

. 7' Claims.

This invention relates to burners such as are adapted to be used in lamps, lanterns and the like and more particularly to asignal lantern which is adapted to be swung by the hand.

While in its broader aspects my invention is adapted for embodiment in a burner which con sumes gas as a fuel, in the specific embodiment hereindisclosed, oil, such as kerosene, is employed. .g

One object of my invention is to provide an improved burner which produces a steady flame of maximum area and luminosity for the fuel employed.

A further object is to provide a burner of this character wherein the flame is so protected as to prevent its extinguishment by a strong draft or wind.

In carrying out my invention, I surround the flame by a number of air directing plates or surfaces which are so formed as to secure a steady flow of air to the flame without the creation of vacuum or low pressure conditions andat the same time without the formation of violent eddies,

Other objects and advantages of my invention will appear from the following description takenin connection with the accompanying drawing wherein:

Figure 1 is a'central vertical sectional viewtaken on the line Il of Figure 2 and showing one form of my improved burner; I

Figure 2 is a side elevation partly broken away of thestructure shown'in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a blank of flat sheet metal adapted to be bent to form the burner attachment structure shown in Figures 1 and 2; and

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 1 showing a modification in which curved air guiding plates are shown instead of flat plates.

Referring more particularly to Figures 1 and, 2, reference character 22 represents the cap or stopper for the font or oil reservoir, which will usually be surrounded by an annular casing formed with numerous openings for the free access of air to the burner.

ed by a wick tube 23, at the top of which is sup- The cap is surmountported the burner structure indicated generally. by the reference character 24.

It will be understood that the outer structure enclosing the burner may be any of a number of types and the burner structure maybe applied to a lamp, cigarette lighter or other lighting or igniting device, and when used as a lantern, the top dome also may be any of a number of types. The burner structure comprises a pan 25 having an opening 26 therethrough, through which passes the wick tube 23; The metal of the top of the wick holder is peened outwardly at 23' to assist in supporting the burner structure 24 as will be more fully described hereafter.

Connected to the pan 25 by means of strips29 extending upwardly from the sides of the pan at.

the ends thereof are two longitudinally extending air directing-plates 30, which as will be seen from Figure 1, extend downwardly and outwardly at an incline and terminate above the level of the wick.

Extending upwardly from opposite ends of the of burner I have used, I find that a pan which is- 3 5 to inch high is quite satisfactory. The top opening, that is, the distance between the top edges of wings 3B, is of an inch or somewhat more and this distance, as may be seen from Figure I, is considerably greater than the width 1 of the wick and at the same time not so wide as the pan itself. The effect of such relationship of parts as are given is to spread the flame longitudinally of the sides and at the same time to form a flame of uniform luminosity throughout and a configuration curved slightly downward toward the ends from its longitudinal center.

' The angle whichthe plates 30 make with the I vertical should be 45, which angle, however, may vary 4 or 5 one way or another. The distance between the top of side edge of the pan and the nearest point of the corresponding plate 30 should be it; of an inch or slightly more. These latter, dimensions are important as they depend upon the peculiar 'properties of the vaporized or gasified fuel. For example, with the signal lantern construction, having the plates substantially less than 'of an inch from the top of the pan, swinging the lantern would extinguish the flame, for the reason that the ignited gases immediately above the pan could not pass through the space between the pan and plates, whereas in the pres- I ent construction the space is sufficient to permit the flow of ignited gases therethrough'. Also, the end flanges or barriers 32 should reach to the top of the side plates 30 or vary slightly below.

The burner structure at the top of the wick tube is held in place up against the outward bent portion 23' of the wick tube by leaf springs 345, one end of each of which is inserted beneath the bead 35 joining the sides with the dome shaped top of the fuel stopper 22 as is shown, for example, in Figure 2, and whose upper ends bear upwardly against the bottom of the pan25.

In Figure 3, I show a sheet metal blank which may be bent along dotted lines there shown to form the burner structure of Figures 1 and 2.

Corresponding parts in Figure 3 are given the same reference characters as those 'in Figures 1 and 2, except that such reference characters in Figure 3 are followed by a prime. Thus the end barriers 32 are bent upwardly along the lines 36 to form the end barriers 32. The metal is bent along the lines 37 to form the sides of the pan and along the lines 39 to give a proper direction to the plates 30. The end corners of the pan portions are cut inwardly as indicated at 40, so,

that when the barriers 32 are bent upwardly, they may be outwardly inclined and substantially meet the top corners of the plates 30.

In the modification of my invention shown in Figure 4, in place of flat plates 30, the plates 42 are employed, which plates may be considerably longer than the plates 30 and are bent convexly toward the flame with gradually increasing ourvature as the flame is approached, the plates also being substantially horizontal at their outer edges and meeting the flame at the top at an acute angle.

This application is a continuation in part of my co-pending application, Serial No. 15,786, filed April 11, 1935.

In case it is desired to provide end as well as side plates, the metal of the flanges or barriers 32 would be extended and in bending such extensions, would be bent downwardly to form the end plate. In such a construction, it is advisable to form these extensions, as well as the Plates 3!), with an inward taper, in order that the edges of the extensions and of the side plates may be joined directly to one another, as is shown for example in Figure 13 in the drawing of my 00- pending application above referred to. Such a method of formation would apply whether the side and end plates are flat or curved.

Having now described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a flame burner, a fuel holder, an elongated pan supported by said holder, means for supplying fuel to the pan, means for directing air to the flame comprising side plates located a substantial distance above the pan curved inwardly, said plates being upwardly and convexly curved toward the flame and of gradually increasing curvature as the flame is approached, the plates terminating above the pan and the space between the pan and plates being substantially unobstructed, and being of a width sufficient to permit ignited vapor from the pan to pass beneath the plates when the burner is tilted.

2. In a flame burner, a fuel holder, an elongated pan supported by said holder, a wick for supplying fuel to said pan, means for directing air to the flame comprising side plates located a substantial distance above said pan, the plates being inclined downwardly and outwardly and terminating above the bottom of the pan and being spaced apart throughout their length at the top a distance less than the width of the pan and substantially greater than the width of the wick, the space between the pan and plates being unobstructed for substantially the length of the plates and said space being of a width sufflcient to permit the passage of ignited vapor around the bottom of the plate when the burner is tilted.

3. In a flame burner, a fuel holder, an elongated pan supported by said holder, a wick for supplying fuel to said pan, means for, directing air to the flame comprising side flat rectangular plates located a substantial distance above said pan, the plates being inclined downwardly and outwardly and terminating above the bottom of the pan and being spaced apart at the top a distance less than the width of the pan and substantially greater than the width of the wick, the space between the pan and plates being unobstructed for substantially the length of the plates and said plates being of a width suflicient to permit the passage of ignited vapor around the bottoms of the plates when the burner is tilted.

4. In a flame burner, a fuel holder, an elongated pan supported by said holder, a wick for supplying fuel to said pan, means for directing air to the flame comprising side plates located a substantial distance above said pan, the plates being'inclined downwardly and outwardly and terminating above the bottom of the pan and being spaced apart a distance less than the Width of the pan and substantially greater than the width of the wick, the space between the pan and plates being unobstructed for substantially the length of the plates and said space being of a width sufiicient to permit the passage of ignited vapor around the bottoms of the plates when the burner is tilted and barriers extending upwardly from the ends of the pan to substantially the upper edges of said plates, said barriers being inclined outwardly and tapered upwardly a width at the top of substantially the distance between the top edges of said plates.

5. In a flame burner, a fuel holder, an elongated pan supported by said holder, a wick for supplying fuel to said pan, means for directing air to the flame comprising side flat rectangular plates located a substantial distance above said pan, the plates being inclined downwardly and outwardly and terminatting above the bottom of the pan and being spaced apart a distance less than the width of the pan and substantially greater than the width of the wick, the space between the pan and plates being unobstructed for substantially the length of the plates and said space being of a width suflicient to permit the passage of ignited vapor around the bottoms of the plates when the burner is tilted and barriers extending upwardly from the ends of the pan to substantially the upper edges of said plates, said barriers being inclined outwardly and tapered upwardly to substantially the distance between the top edges of said plates.

6. In a burner, a fuel holder, a wick tube communicating with said holder, a burner attachment comprising air directing side plates and a pan having an opening therein, said wick tube extending through said opening and the material of said tube bent over the material of said pan at said opening and leaf springs positioned between said holder and pan and bearing upwardly against the bottom of said pan to hold said attachment in position.

7. In a flame burner, a fuel holder, an elongated pan supported by said holder, a wick for supplying fuel to said pan, means for directing air to the flame comprising side plates located above the pan, the plates being inclined downwardly and outwardly and terminating above the bottom of the pan and being spaced apart a distance less than the width of the pan and substantially greater than the width of the wick and end plates extending from the top of said pan to substantially the top of said side plates.

STAMFORD WHITE. 

